Chapter+20-Megan+Bethge

Chapter 20!!**__ Foreign Policy, 1865-1914 __**  1. U.S. became world power  2. William H. Seward  i.   Strong expansionist  ii. Achieved annexation of Midway Island in Pacific  iii. Gained rights to build canal in Nicaragua  b.  French in Mexico (sent by Napoleon III)  i.   Taken advantage of Civil War  ii. After, Seward invoked Monroe Doctrine and threatened  c.  Alaska  i.   Disputed between Russia and Great Britain  ii. Russia sold it to US for $7.2 million  iii. Congress agrees in 1867  3. The “New Imperialism”  i.   US intensified foreign involvement b/c needed:  1. Worldwide markets  2. Sources of raw materials <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Expansionism hoped to be achieved diplomatically and economically (not militarily) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  International Darwinism <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Survival of fittest applied to competition among nations <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. US demonstrate strength by acquiring territories <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Imperialism <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Many nations involved <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iii. Missionaries <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Wanted more territories <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. // Our Country: Its Possible Future and Present Crisis // (1885) by Reverend Josiah Strong <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  duty to colonize other lands to: <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   spread Christianity <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. bring benefits of “superior” technology to other ppl <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iv. Politicians <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Republicans endorsed use of foreign affairs to search new markets <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> v.   Naval Power <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. // The Influence of Sea Power Upon History // (1890) by Navy Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  strong navy crucial to country’s ambitions <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. by 1900, US had 3rd largest navy in world <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> vi. Popular Press <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Increased circulation by printing adventure stories <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> c.  Latin America <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   US-role of protector of Latin America <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Blaine and the Pan-American Conference (1889) <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. held Washington D.C. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. established cooperation on both economic and political issues <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 3. continues today as Organization of American States <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iii. Cleveland, Olney, and Monroe Doctrine <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. imp. use of Monroe doctrine—boundary dispute in S. America <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  British v. Venezuela <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  British told US, not a US matter <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> c.  Argued that Monroe Doctrine applied <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> d.  WORKED OUT <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Latin America appreciated US efforts to protect them <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 3. TURNING POINT IN US-BRITISH RELATIONS <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 4. Britain cultivate US friendship rather than hostility <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 4. The Spanish-American War <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  Causes of War <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   Jingoism-intense form of nationalism, aggressive foreign policy <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Expansionism <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iii. Cuban revolt <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Ppl of Cuba sabotage+lay waste to Cuban plantations <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Spanish sent over 10000 troops over <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iv. Yellow Press <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Stories of crime, disaster, and scandal <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. New extremes <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 3. Caused many Americans urge Congress intervene in Cuba <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> v.   De Lôme Letter <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Highly critical of president McKinley <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Official Spanish insult <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> vi. Sinking of the //Maine// <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Feb. 15, 1898 <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Yellow press accused Spain of deliberately blowing up ship <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 3. PROBABLY an accident\ <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> vii. McKinley’s war message <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. McKinley orders Spanish cease-fire in Cuba–they agree, but McKinley gives in to pressure and declares war, giving four reasons <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> viii. Teller Amendment <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. America is just going to war to fix Cuba’s gov, then leaving <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  Fighting the War <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   Sec. of State John Hay calls swift U.S. victory “a splendid little war” <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. The Philippines <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  Commodore Dewey attacks Manila Bay and “blows them out of the water” and Filipino rebels help our land attack <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  it was under Spanish control since the 1500s! <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Invasion of Cuba <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  5,000 killed from tropical disease–500 in battle (10 to 1) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  San Juan Hill <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   charged by Teddy Roosevelt, African American veterans, and volunteers <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> c.  Santiago Bay–U.S. makes Spain realize they needed a navy <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 3. Annexation of Hawaii <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 4. 1893 American missionaries and entrepreneurs try to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 5. After Philippines, why not? 1900 a terr. & 1959 50th state in union <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> c.  Controversy Over the Treaty of Peace (took longer than war itself) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> d.  Terms <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   Cuban independence–reaction <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. U.S. gets Guam and Puerto Rico <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iii. $20 million to Spain for the Philippines <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> e.  The Philippine question <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   imperialists v. anti-imperialists <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. anti-‘s in the Senate wanted to defeat it <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. TAKE OVER THE PHILIPPINES? <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  taking over a different race and culture <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  puts us into political conflicts w/Asia <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Filipinos had fought w/ U.S. to shake off Spanish control... now the U.S. would deny them independence <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> f.  Other Results of the War <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. William Jennings Bryan leads Anti-Imperialist League <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Insular (Island) Cases <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. U.S. Constitution apply to new territories? <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Imperialists win–Congress decides if new territories get it <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iii. Cuba and the Platt Amendment (1901) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. The U.S. had inadvertently agreed to respect Cuba, right? <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. WRONG: Cuba must accept limits <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  benefits the U.S. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">  iv. Election of 1900 <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. McKinley w/ Theodore Roosevelt as vice pres. beat William Jennings Bryan //again// <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> v.   Recognition of U.S. power <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. European nations recognize U.S.’s power <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. U.S. nationalism returns–and now South feels a part of it <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 5. Open Door Policy in China <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   John Hay sees //spheres of influence// in China and wants a piece <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Equal trade in China for everybody! <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  Boxer Rebellion (1900) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   In China, nationalism and //xenophobia//-hatred and fear of foreigners <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. a.k.a. Society of Harmonious Fists attack foreign settlements <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> c.  Hay’s second round of notes (to other //spheres of influence//) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   Don’t mess up Chinese borders and continue Open Door policy <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 6. Theodore Roosevelt’s Big-Stick Policy <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   1901 McKinley shot by anarchist <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Roosevelt will “speak softly and carry a big stick” <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> b.  The Panama Canal <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. now need to connect the U.S.’s terr. in Atlantic and Pacific <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Revolution in Panama <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. U.S. backs revolt against Colombia <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. in return: Panama signs Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903 <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> a.  control of a canal zone <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iii. Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (1901) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. British cancelling their 1850 treaty w/ U.S. so they no longer need joint-ownership on the canal <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iv. Building the canal (1904-1914) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. thanks to chief engineer George Goethals and Dr. William Gorgas to stop mosquitos <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. 1921– $25 million to Colombia for loss of Panama <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> c.  The Roosevelt Corollary (follow up) to the Monroe Doctrine <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   Roosevelt handles Europe’s dealings (collecting taxes) in Latin America <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> d.  East Asia <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. U.S. and Japan both new at imperialism...tension grows <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. Russo-Japanese War <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Roosevelt interferes and ends it in 1905 w/ agreement at Portsmouth <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iii. “Gentlemen’s Agreement” <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. CA discriminated against Japanese <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Japan restricts emigration to U.S. and Roosevelt tells CA to stop segregation <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> iv. Great White Fleet (1907-1909) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. U.S. showing off their battleships to the world (Japan) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> v.   Root-Takahira Agreement (1908) <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. mutual respect for Pacific land holdings <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. continue Open Door policy in China <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> e.  Peace Efforts <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> i.   Big purpose of big-stick policy was to keep peace between nations <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> ii. For interfering, Roosevelt got Nobel Peace prize in 1906 <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 1. Settled France and Germany’s rift over Monocco <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 2. Russo-Japan <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> 3. participant at Second International Peace Conference to prevent warfare <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  United States became a world power. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  “New Imperialism”-world power needed other places to provide raw materials, etc. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·   The Pan-American Conference, held in Washington D.C., established cooperation between American countries and is continued today as the Organization of American States. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  The Yellow Press, a violent form of publication in newspapers, was an enormous factor in starting the Spanish-American War. It published untruths that caused the American ppl to clamor for war. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  The Treaty of Peace, which was debated for longer than the war itself, gave Cuban its independence, US got Guam and Puerto Rico, and Spain got $20 million for the Philippines. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  China adopted the Open-Door Policy, in which it was split into sphere of influence and there was equal trade in China for everyone. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  Theodore Roosevelt became president after McKinley was shot by an anarchist and he said he would speak quietly and use force when necessary. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  The U.S. helped Panama with its revolt against Colombia and was granted control of the canal zone, where it was then built. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  The Russo-Japanese War was interfered upon by Roosevelt and was ended in 1905, with Portsmouth agreement. Japanese were no longer going to be discriminated against in CA. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 100%; font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> ·  Roosevelt received Nobel Prize for helping secure and maintain world peace.
 * __ So Whats? __**

Kinda turned out weird and spaced a lot... sorry! :)