Chapter+2+Outlines+P2

1) England's Imperial Stirrings: a) King Henry VIII broke from Catholic church in the 1530s b) English Protestant Reformation c) Protestantism became dominant in 1558

2) Elizabeth Energizes England: a) English bucaneers promoted Protestantism i. Seized Spanish treasure and raided settlements ii. Frances Drake: Profits of 4.600% b) Newfoundland - first attempt at colonization failed i. Also failed at Roanoke c) "Invincible Armada" of ships invaded England in 1588 d) English "sea dogs" fought back with more powerful ships

3) England on the Eve of Empire: a) Economic depression hit the woolen trade in 1500 which put farmers out of work b) England had a surplus population c) Younger sons were left looking for work because the oldest sons inherited all of the land d) Motives for immigration to the New World

4) England Plants the Jamestown Seedling: a) 1606 - the VA Co. of London got a charter for settlement in the New World. They went in search of gold. b) The overseas settlers were guaranteed the same rights that they had in England c) Settled in Jamestown d) Captain John Smith led VA, but was kidnapped by the Indians

5) Cultural Clash in the Chesapeake: a) Chief Powhatan ruled the native people of James River b) Local Indians were known as Powhatans i. Relations between them and the colonists were tense c) The VA Co. declared war against the Indians of Jamestown i. It was ended by a peace settlement in 1614 d) Indian attacks kill 347 settlrs, the VA Co. calls for war i. The colonists deafeat the Indians again in 1644 e) The Virginians and Induians signed a peace treaty in 1644 i. The Virginians won't try to mix with the Indians and become part of their society f) 1685 - English consider Powhatans extinct i. They were no help to the English and provided no reliable labors

6) The Indians New World: a) European colonization disrupted the natives i. The English stole property, forced the natives to move to new environments and adapt to new ways of life, and brought new diseases to the Indians b) The English traded with the Natives i. European commerce ii. Firearms increased competition among Indian tribes c) Inland natives had more time to prepare before the Indians moved in on them i. There was a greater effect on the natives along the east coast

7) Virginia: Child of Tobacco: a) John Rolfe i. He led the tobacco industry and saved the VA colony ii.Colonists were demanding of tobacco b) 1619 - About 20 Africans were sold. This was the first action that later turned into the slave trade c) VA adopted a representative self government i. An assembly was formed and was known as the House of Burgesses

8) Maryland: Catholic Haven: a) 2nd plantation colony, 4th English colony b) Founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634 c) Catholics escaped to Maryland for freedom of religion d) White indentured servants were laborers. Blacks were not used until the 17th century e) The Act of Toleration was passed in 1649

9) The West Indies: Way Station to Mainland America: a) England claimed the West Indies and Jamaica in 1655 b) Sugar cane became the economy crop of the West Indies. It was a rich man's crop and took a lot of work to plant. c) African slaves were imported to work on platations. i. They outnumbered whites by 1700, 4:1 d) Groups of settlers brought a few slaves in 1670, which inspired slavery in the colonies

10) Colonizing the Carolinas: a) Created in 1670 when King granted an expanse of wilderness b) Prospered from economic ties with the West Indies c) Many settlers came from Barbados and brought slaves d) The Slave Trade was established in Carolina i. Indians tried to escape it, but the Carolinas annihilated by 1710 e) Rice became the main crop in the Carolinas

11) The Emergence of North Carolina: a) Poor, yet sturdy inhabitants were irreligious and hospitable to pirates b) Developed strong spirit of resistance to authority c) Became separated from South Carolina in 1712 d) Along with RI, NC was the most democratic, most independent, and the lease aristocratic of the colonies i. NC and SC retaliated and beat them in battle

12) Late-Coming Georgia: The Buffer Colony: a) Founded in 1733 - the last of the 13 colonies b) Served as a buffer, protecting the Carolinas from the Spaniards in Florida c) Determined to make a place for people in debt and attempted to keep out slavery d) All Christians, except Catholics, enjoyed religious toleration

13) The Plantation Colonies a) Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia b) Agriculture was important, mainly tobacco and rice c) Slavery was founded in all colonies by 1750 d) All plantation colonies were similar i. They were aristocratic ii. Didn't offer free schooling iii. Supported religious toleration.