Chapter+22-Laura+Lambourne

 1)  Sarajevo, June 28, 1914: A Serbian terrorist assassinates Austrian Archduke Francis Ferdinand- the heir apparent to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian empire- and his wife.  2)   Vienna, July 23: The Austrian government issues an ultimatum threatening war against Serbia and invades that country four days later.  3)  Berlin, August 1: As Austria's ally, the German government under Kaiser Wilheim I declares war against Russia, an ally of Serbia.  4)   Berlin, August 3: Germany declares war against France, an ally of Russia, and immediately begins an invasion of neutral Belgium because it offers the fastest route to Paris.  5)  London, August 4: Great Britain, as an ally of France, declares war against Germany.  6)   Neutrality a. Submarine Warfare i. Lusitania Crisis ii. Other sinkings b. Economic Links With Britain and France i. Loans c. Public Opinion i. Ethnic Influences ii. British War Propaganda 7) The War Debate  a. Preparedness   b. Opposition to War   c. The Election of 1916   i. "He kept us out of war"   d. Peace Efforts  8) Decision for War a. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare b. Immediate Causes i. Zimmermann Telegram ii. Russian Revolution iii. Renewed submarine attacks c. Declaration of War 9) Mobilization  a. Industry and Labor   b. Finance   c. Public Opinion and Civil Liberties   i. Espionage and Sedition Acts   ii. Case of Schenck v. United States   d. Armed Forces   i. Selective Service Act(1917)   ii. African Americans   e. Effects on American Society   i. More jobs for women   ii. Migration of Mexicans and African Americans 10) Fighting the War a. Naval Operations b. American Expeditionary Force i. Last German Offensive ii. Drive to Victory iii. U.S. casualties 11) Making the Peace  a. The Fourteen Points   i. Recognition of freedom of the seas   ii. An end to the practice of making secret treaties   iii. Reduction of national armaments   iv. An "impartial adjustment of all colonial claims"   v. Self-determination for the various nationalities within the Austro-   Hungarian empire.    vi. " A general association of nations. . . for the purpose of affording    mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial    integrity to great and small states alike.”    b. The Treaty of Versailles   i. The Big Four   ii. Peace Terms   (1) Germany was disarmed and stripped of its colonies in Asia   and Africa. It was also forced to admit guilt for the war, accept   French occupation of the Rhineland for 15 years, and pay a    huge sum of money in reparations to Great Britain and    France.      (2) Applying the principle of self-determination, territories once controlled by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia were taken by the Allies, independence was granted to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Poland, and the new nations of   Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia were established. (3) Signers of the treaty would join an international peacekeeping organization, the League of Nations. Article X of the covenant(charter) of the League called on each member nation to stand ready to protect the independence and territorial integrity of other nations. c. The Battle of Ratification i. Increased partisanship after the war ii. Opponents: irreconcilables and reservationists iii. Wilson's western tour and breakdown iv. Rejection of the treaty 12) Postwar Problems  a. Demobilization   b. The Red Scare   i. Palmer Raids   c. Labor Conflict   i. Strikes of 1919   d. Race Riots  1)   "German submarine warfare was he single most important factor in causing the United States to enter World War I"- The sinking of the Lusitania, the Sussex pledge, Wilson's decision to break off diplomatic relations with Germany, and Wilson's war message to Congress, April 1917 support this position.  2)  The Russian Revolution, Germany's autocratic government, sympathy for the democracies of Britain and France, and Germany's plans for military victory were involved in Woodrow Wilson's decision to ask congress for a declaration of war.  3)   From 1914 to 1919, the U.S. government debt increased dramatically  4)  The Democratic campaign slogan: "He kept us out of war", prosperity resulting from increased exports to Britain, Wilson's policy of neutrality, and a decline in support for the Socialist party were explanations for Woodrow Wilson's reelection in 1916.  5)   During the years 1919 and 1920 in the United States the president was partially incapacitated by illness.  6)  Those who question whether U.S. policy from 1914-1916 was truly neutral point to increased U.S. trade with Britain and France.  7)   President Wilson defended the Treaty of Versailles on the grounds that it provided for a League of Nations committed to preserving the peace.  8)  Migration of African Americans to the North was a major effect of World War I on American Society in 1917 and 1918.  9)   Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy after the Armistice involved the Treaty of Versailles, the covenant of the League of Nations, the memoirs of Henry Cabot Lodge, and Senate debates of 1919.  10) Going into war, Wilson said: "The world must be made safe for democracy." Someone wishing to argue that democracy in the United States was less safe after World War I would point to the Red Scare. = =
 * World War I, 1914-1918 **
 * __ So Whats __**