Kyle,+Castle+Brooke+Outlines+page



Heres our wiki for outlines 17 - 24...

Chapter 17: The Rise of Industrial America

Railroads:
 * Impact daily life of all Americans by influencing how consumer goods are transported through the country.
 * Sears Robuck and Montgomery Ward use mail ordering on all products and have the railroads deliver the products. Consumer systems in America had forever been changed.
 * Farmers against railroads due to monopolies overpricing them for their goods.
 * Native Americans affected by land grants that originated from Native American land grants.
 * Transcontinental Railroad strengthen the power of railroads and set precedence as to how they would be used in the future.

Panic of 1893:
 * J. Piermont Morgan and other bankers move to control recently bankrupt railroads.
 * Railroad monopolies now exist

Antitrust Movement:


 * Antitrust Act 1890 prohibits trusts in America.
 * US vs. E.C. Knight ruled that the act could only be applied to commerce and not manufacturing

Laissez Faire:
 * Adam Smith - Wealth of Nations
 * Supply and Demand
 * Social Darwinism-- Suvival of the fittest (Herbert Spencer) and natural selection.

1862 - Congress authorizes transcontinental railroad - precedent for better transportation and monopolies 1866 - National Labor Union organized - worked to improve conditions for workers 1869 - Knights of Labor organized - precedent for laws on unions 1887 - Interstate Commerce Act - violated Laissez Faire 1890 - Sherman Anti-Trust Act - precedent for new laws
 * __Chronology:__**

-The Factors Helping America with Industrial Help -the us natural resources was a big factor on economic growth. So was the endless labor supply coming from the immigrants who were desperate fr work in america. The business in america had plenty of capital coming in from the government giving out loans and europe investing in booming american businesses. The improvement of technologies made productivity increased

[of Big Business|Industrial Expansion]

Chapter 18: The Growth of American Cities and Culture


 * New immigranst from southern and Eastern Europe. The immigrants were poor and mostly illiterate.
 * American Protective Association outlaws immigration in America and convinces many Americans to be against immigrants, especially all Catholic immigrants.
 * Labor Unions against immigrants taking their jobs.
 * New American cities develop new forms of transportation such as streetcars, electric trolleys, elevated railroads, and subways. These transportation systems helped people to move outside of the city and commute in. These people would live in residential suburbs, if they were wealthy. Lower class citizens lived in poor inner- city conditions, including ghettos.
 * Boss politics spread into political machines in cities. These politicians would gain vote of many by earning trust and providing for thos eless fortunate, especailly immigrants. These political centers were in such places as Tammany Hall.

1869 - Wyoming Territory grants women the right to vote - precedent for more reforms 1882 - First immigration-restriction laws passed - limited the people eligible to immigrate 1883 - Brooklyn Bridge completed - improved transportation 1884 - Mark Twain publishes //The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn// - precedent for anger over offensive language 1886 - Statue of Liberty erected in New York Harbor - would become the symbol of America and freedom
 * __Chronology:__**

City Life During the Industrial Revolution

Chapter 19: National Politics in the Gilded Age


 * Gilded Age = insignificant time with little political victories and poor politicians.
 * Complacency and conservartsm were due to the politicial ideology of the time, party patronage, and division between two political parties.
 * Dems. and republicans were largely divided between eachother in the government due to fierce and competitive elections.
 * Party patronage caused politicians to focus on the less important factors that existed at the time. Individual success prevailed over aiding those they served and were responsible for.
 * Rutherford B. Hayes withdraws last troops from South after electionin 1876.
 * John Sherman passes Sherman Anti Trust Act

1873 - Panic of 1873 - turmoil and joblessness 1877 - Railroad strikes paralyze nation - precedent for regulation 1882 - Chinese Exclusion Act - considered an insult to the Chinese 1890 - Mckinley Tariff Act - lowered tariff 1892 - Homestead steel strike - precedent for monopoly
 * __Chronology:__**

Gilded Age

Chapter 20: Foreign Policy


 * Treaty of Peace causes the US to recognize Cuban independence, the US acquires Puerto Rico and Guam, and the Phillipines for payment to Spain of $20 million.
 * Phillipines have controversy with US in control.
 * **Insular Cases** ruled that the constitutional rights were not automatically extended to territorial possesions and that the power to decide whether or not to grant such rights belonged to Congress
 * Platt Amendment requires Cuba to agree to never sign a treaty with a foreign power that impaired its independence, never to build up excessive debt, to permit US in Cuban affairs, to permit US naval bases in Cuba.
 * Election of 1900 puts Mckinley into office again
 * China's open door policy causes spheres of influence to spread throughout the country.
 * Boxer rebellion is a result of xenophobia among Chinese. Chinese nationilists, known as boxers, attacked foreign settlements throughout the country.
 * Roosevelt rises to power from VP after pres. Mckinley was shot in 1901.
 * Roosevelt then starts the Panama Canal after the Spanish American War gave the US power that spanned from the Atlantic to Pacific.
 * The Hay-Pauncefot Treaty allows US to dig canal without British involvement.

1898 - Hawaii annexed - to preserve foreign interests 1904 - Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine - precedent for another corollary 1904-14 - Construction of Panama Canal - precedent for anger from other countries 1905 - Roosevelt mediates Russo-Japanese peace treaty - tried to keep super-power status for U.S. 1907 - Great White Fleet make world voyage - showed naval power
 * __Chronology:__**

History of American Foreign Policy

Chapter 21: The Progressive Era


 * Progressivism - belief that changes in society were badly needed and that the government was the proper agancy for correcting social and economic ills.
 * Progressives were mostly middle-class Americans
 * Protestants taught that it was a social repsonsibility to help those in need.
 * Progressive philosophy was strongly influenced by Charles Darwin's //Origin of Species// and theory of evolution.
 * Frederick W. Taylor creates scientific magement theory that fuels progressives cause.
 * Muckrackers revealed harsh truths of industrial America to all those who were unaware. Their actions set precedence for future labor regulation in America.
 * Australian ballot allowed American voters to vote in privacy of their own booth.
 * Direct election of US senators was also beggining to be used.
 * Initiative allowed voters to compell their legislator to consider a bill.
 * Referendum allowed citizens to vote on proposed laws printed on their ballots.
 * Recall allowed voters to remove corrupt politicians from office with majority vote
 * Settlement house workers improve social welfare.
 * Cities also began to own their own utilities and took power away from city bosses.

1913 - Federal Income Tax - made the richer pay more taxes than the poorer 1914 - World War I begins in Europe - precedent for World War II 1915 - //Lusitana// torpedoes and sunk by German U-boat - precedent for at least 2 more sinkings 1916 - Pancho Villa raids New Mexico - mass murder of many innocent people 1917 - United States buys Virgin Islands from Denmark - would become a U.S. territory
 * __Chronology:__**

Progressive Era

Chapter 22: World War I


 * In the beggining, the US practiced neutrality during the events and conflicts taking place in Britain.
 * German Unrestricted submarine warfare infuriated all of the naval powers already angered by Germany's actions.
 * The Zimmerman telegram was an offer made by Germany to Mexico stating that if Mexico declared German support, then Germany would help Mexico regain lost territories in the Spanish American War.
 * The Russian revolution removed the czar from power, temporarily, and made Russia a republic.
 * Pres. Wilson declares war between US and Germany on April 2, 1917.
 * The Espionage Act provided for imprisonment of up to 20 years for persons who either tried to incite rebellion or obstruct operation of the draft.
 * Sedition Act prohibited anyone from making disloyal remarks about US government. It was soon strengthened by the Supreme Court case Schenck V. US that ruled the right to free speech could be limited when it represented a clear and present danger to public safety.
 * The Selective Service Act men, or draftees, were called into service by lottery and was used in WWI and later wars.
 * The American Expeditonary Force was the American group of soldiers fighting on the front in Europe led by General John J. Pershing.

1917 - Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare - precedent for U.S. entering the war 1917 - United States enters World War I - did we really abide by our neutrality policy?? 1918 - Armistice ends World War I - precedent for WWII 1919 - Eighteenth Amendment (prohibition of alcohol) passed - precedent for anger 1920 - Nineteenth Amendment (woman suffrage) passed - woman would be able to vote
 * __Chronology:__**

Jk Tolkiens Life in the Trenches during World War 1

World War 1