Chapter+7-Annalise+Kenney

** 1) Jefferson’s Presidency ...a) Tried to please both federalists and rep.  ...b) Louisiana Purchase-French didn’t need land, US wanted  ......i) Spain closed New Orleans port to Am., Jeff. didn’t want to involvement w/ foreign powers ......ii) Negotiations  .........(1)   Sent ministers to France-offered $10 mil for New O+   .........(2)   France offered $15 mil for LA territory  ......iii) Consequences .........(1)  Doubled size US   .........(2)   Removed French .........(3)  Guaranteed W. expansion .........(4)  Strengthened Rep. belief in agriculture .........(5)  Increased pop. Jeff. And Rep. ......iv)Lewis + Clark-Jeff. Wanted scientific exploration new lands  .........(1)   Left St Louis 1804, crossed Rockies to PO, returned 1806   .........(2)   Better claims, NA relations, maps + land routes  ...c) John Marshall and Supreme Ct. ......i)Served 34 yrs, very strong influence on Supreme Ct   ......ii) Marbury vs. Madison-1803 .........(1)  Jeff. blocked Feds from power, Marbury sued .........(2)  Marbury=right to commission b/c Judiciary Act-1789 .........(3)  JA unconstitutional, so Marbury not given commiss. .........(4)  Judicial review-Sup. Ct. could overrule other branches ...d) Jefferson’s reelection-1804, very popular ......i) Aaron Burr-VP-wanted to govern NY, break up Union, but was defeated in NY election .........(1) Duel w/ Hamilton-Burr challenged Ham. to duel, fatally shot .........(2) Tried for treason-1806-had plan to unite take over Mex, LA, aquitted lack witnesses ......ii) Difficulties Abroad  .........(1)   Barbary pirates-Sent fleet to deal w/ pirates=respect   .........(2)   Neutrality-Napoleonic wars-captured US sailors   .........(3)   // Chesapeake-Leopard // affair-Brit. //L//. shot @ Am. //C//., anti-Brit. feelings, used diplomacy   .........(4)   Embargo Act-1807-Am. ships not allowed sail to non-Am. ports; backfired; Jeff. repealed; not allowed to trade w/ Brit./France  2) Madison’s Presidency-1808-great thinker, poor speaker, backed by Jeff. ...a) Commercial Warfare-decided to take US to Nap. War ......i) Nonintercourse Act-1809-Am. trade w/ all countries but Britain/France, wanted to improve economy ......ii) Macon’s Bill #2-1810-If Brit./France agreed to respect US neutrality, US would not trade w/ enemy  .........(1)   Napoleon agreed, but didn’t follow thru  3) War of 1812 ...a) Causes ......i) Free seas + trade-British captured Am sailors-more against British b/c Rev. War ......ii) Wanted more land-Brit., NAs, Spanish blocking  .........(1)   Am. moved NAs farther westward   .........(2)   NAs tried to unite   .........(3)   Battle of Tippecanoe-1811-stopped NA confed.   .........(4)   Blamed Brit. for rebellion  ......iii) War hawks-Young rep. in congress wanted war w/ Britain ......iv) Decl. war- June 1812 ...b) Divided nation-Most northern states against war ........i) Election 1812-Madison reelected-Rep. strong  ........ii) Opposition .........(1)NE merchants-$ from European war, religion-prot. Brit. .........(2) Fed. Politicians-thought war would increase rep. strength .........(3) Quids(old rep.s)-wanted peace ...c) Military defeats, naval victories  ......i) Invasion Canada-didn’t work, pushed back out ......ii) Naval battles-superior shipbuilding, Am. privateers ......iii) Chesapeake campaign-Brit. burned DC, tried to take Fort McHenry, Balt. ......iv) Southern campaign- Andrew Jackson-eliminated NA allies  ...d) Treaty of Ghent-1814-Ghent, Belgium ......i) Halted fighting  ......ii) Returned conquered territory ......iii) Prewar boundary Canada and US  ......iv) Stalemate-no gains for either side ...e) Hartford Convention-1814  ......i) NE states came close to secession ......ii) Proposals-2/3 vote to go to war  ...f) Legacy ......i) Very important war  .........(1) Respect   .........(2)Accepted Canada as neighbor   .........(3) Federalist party over   .........(4) Secession set precedent for civil war   .........(5) NAs forced to give land up   .........(6) More US factories built, closer to industrialization   .........(7) War heroes set up to be political leaders    .........(8) Strong American nationalism
 * Chapter 7: The Age of Jefferson